A Novel Lyophilized PRP-Loaded Gel Based on Chitosan and PEG with Hemostatic and Antibacterial Properties / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#A dynamic gel loaded with lyophilized platelet-rich plasma-chitosan/difunctionalized polyethylene glycol (LPRP-CP) was prepared to investigate its hemostatic antibacterial and promoting wound healing of scald wounds through in vitro and in vivo experiments.@*METHODS@#In this study, normal gauze/blank tablet (Ctrl), LPRP-CP, Chitosan HUCHUANG Powder(Chito P)and ChitoGauze XP PRO group (Chito G group) were set. The hemostatic effect and promoting healing effect of the four groups of materials were evaluated by establishing rabbit ear artery hemorrhage model and superficial Ⅱ° scalded model of skin on the back. The hemostatic time and bleeding amount were calculated and the gross and histological results of scald healing were observed. The antibacterial effect of the four groups of materials was evaluated by antibacterial test in vitro.@*RESULTS@#In the rabbit ear arterial hemorrhage model, the hemostasis of all materials was successful. The hemostatic time of Ctrl, Chito P, LPRP-CP and Chito G groups was 213.33±38.30, 118.33±24.01, 115.00±8.37 and 111.67±11.69 s, respectively. The blood loss was 1233.83±992.27, 346.67±176.00, 193.33±121.47 and 147.50±80.66 mg, respectively. Compared with Ctrl, the hemostasis time of LPRP-CP, Chito P and Chito G group was significantly shorter (P<0.001), and the amount of blood loss of LPRP-CP and Chito G group was decreased (P<0.05). Compared with LPRP-CP, there were no significant differences in hemostatic time and blood loss between Chito P and Chito G group (P>0.05). In the model of superficial Ⅱ° scalded on the back of rabbit, the wound healing rate of LPRP-CP was faster than that of the other three groups at the same time, and the healing effect was perfect. In the antibacterial test in vitro, only LPRP-CP had better anti-S. aureus effect, and all groups had no anti-E. coli effect.@*CONCLUSION@#LPRP-CP is an excellent hemostatic material for superficial wounds, and has certain antibacterial and wound healing effects, which has a wide academic value and research prospects.

Retrospective study on the merits of bone grafts and the influence of implant protrusion length after osteotome sinus elevation surgery / 华西口腔医学杂志

OBJECTIVES@#This study aims to evaluate the endo-sinus bone remodeling of dental implants placed via osteotome sinus floor elevation (OSFE) after 6 months and using different implant protrusion lengths and bone grafts through cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).@*METHODS@#Ninety-six patients with 124 implants were included and assigned into four groups. Group 1: implant protrusion length4 mm with bone graft; group 3: implant protrusion length4 mm without bone graft. Apical bone gain (ABG), cortical bone gain (CBG), bone density gain (BDG), and marginal bone loss (MBL) were observed and analyzed at baseline and 6 months after implant surgery.@*RESULTS@#The CBG in grafted groups 1 and 2 was higher than that in non-grafted groups. The ABG and BDG were higher in non-grafted groups 3 and 4 than in grafted groups, and the levels in group 3 were higher than those in group 4. The CBG in grafted group 2 was higher than that in group 1. No significant difference was observed in MBL analysis.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The BDG of IPL4 mm implant when bone grafts were not applied. No relevance was observed between IPL and CBG. Bone grafts can accelerate endo-sinus bone remodeling by increasing CBG and dissipating the influence of IPL on BDG.

Effect of Dredging Correcting Manipulation on Stunting in Children with cblC Methylmalonic Aciduria / 中国康复理论与实践

Objective:To observe the effect of Dredging Correcting Manipulation on cblC methylmalonic aciduria (MMA). Methods:From October, 2017 to October, 2018, 72 children with cblC MMA combined with growth retardation were divided into control group (n = 36) and experimental group (n = 36) according to the consent of their parents. The control group accepted routine medicine, and the experimental group received Dredging Correcting Manipulation in addition. The Griffiths Development Scale-Chinese version (GDS-C) was used to evaluate the two groups before and after treatment. At the same time, body length, body mass and head circumference were measured. Results:Six cases in the control group and five cases in the experimental group were dropped out. There was no significant difference in the development quotients of GDS-C in gross movement, personal and social, hearing and speech, hand-eye coordination, operation and total quotient between two groups before treatment (P > 0.05). After treatment, all the development quotients increased in both groups (t > 6.110, P < 0.001), and the development quotients of GDS-C in gross movement, personal and social, hand-eye coordination and total quotient were higher in the experimental group than in the control group (t > 2.154, P < 0.05), as well as the body length (t = 2.027, P < 0.05). Conclusion:Dredging Correcting Manipulation can promote the neuropsychological and physical development of children with cblC MMA combined with retardation.

Effect of indwelling drainage tube and extubation time on recessive hemorrhage and functional recovery after total hip arthroplasty / 中国骨伤

OBJECTIVE@#To study and compare the effect of indwelling drainage tube and extubation time on occult hemorrhage and functional recovery after total hip arthroplasty(THA).@*METHODS@#From July 2017 to June 2018, 123 patients who underwent THA in our hospital for the first time were selected as the subjects of study. According to whether the drainage tube was retained or not and the time of extubation, they were divided into three groups:in group A, 41 patients (24 males, 17 females, age 53 to 77 years) did not put drainage tube after THA;in group B, 41 patients were removed 24 hours after THA, 26 males and 15 females, aged 55 to 74 years;in group C, 41 patients were removed 48 hours after THA, 25 males and 16 females, aged 52 to 75 years. The VAS score of pain 72 hours after THA, the total and recessive blood loss, the time of starting functional exercise, and the incidence of postoperative limb swelling were recorded. All the patients were followed up for one year after discharge. Harris hip score was used to evaluate the degree of hip function recovery one year after operation.@*RESULTS@#The occult blood loss of group A, B and C were(513.6±25.3), (521.7±33.4), (519.3±29.8) ml, respectively, with no significant difference(>0.05). There was no significant difference in blood loss in operation among the three groups(>0.05). In group B and C, the postoperative apparent blood loss was more than that in group A (0.05). The time of getting out of bed in group A was shorter than that in group B and C (0.05). There was no significant difference in the incidence of complications among three groups (>0.05).@*CONCLUSION@#Whether the drainage tube is left or not and the time of extubation have no significant effect on the latent blood loss and functional recovery after THA, but without drainage tube after THA can reduce the apparent blood loss, patients can get out of bed at 6 hours after THA, which is more conducive to the recovery and nursing of patients.

HIV care continuum among newly diagnosed student and non-student youths between 2012 and 2016 in Hangzhou, China / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

BACKGROUND@#Youths are disproportionally affected by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We aimed to assess anti-retroviral therapy (ART) initiation and viral suppression rates among student and non-student youths in Hangzhou, China.@*METHODS@#Data were taken from the Chinese HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome Comprehensive Response Information Management System. Youths aged 15 to 24 years who were newly diagnosed with HIV between 2012 and 2016 and were living in Hangzhou were included in the study. Comparisons between student and non-student youths were made for ART initiation within 30 days, 90 days, and 12 months of HIV diagnosis, and the viral suppression rate at 12 months of HIV diagnosis and at 12 months of ART initiation.@*RESULTS@#A total of 707 cases met inclusion criteria, 29.6% of which were students and 70.4% were non-student youths. The student group had a higher proportion of ART initiation compared with the non-student group within 30 days of diagnosis (45.5% vs. 37.0%, P = 0.044), and a slightly higher but not statistically significant proportion at 90 days (67.0% vs. 62.7%), and 12 months (83.7% vs. 78.5%) of HIV diagnosis. ART initiation within 30 days improved from 90% in 2016. A smaller proportion of students experienced viral suppression compared with the non-student group (9.6% vs. 17.1%, P = 0.011) at 12 months after HIV diagnosis, but the suppression rate was similar at 12 months of ART initiation (69.9% vs. 71.1%, P = 0.743).@*CONCLUSIONS@#ART initiation in both student and non-student youths has significantly improved between 2012 and 2016. However, the viral suppression rate remained unacceptably low at 12 months of HIV diagnosis in both student and non-student groups. Specific intervention strategies must be taken to address this challenge.

Low Calf Circumference Predicts Nutritional Risks in Hospitalized Patients Aged More Than 80 Years / 生物医学与环境科学（英文）

OBJECTIVE@#The aim of this study was to determine whether low calf circumference (CC) could predict nutritional risk and the cutoff values of CC for predicting nutritional risk in hospitalized patients aged ⪖ 80 years.@*METHODS@#A total of 1,234 consecutive patients aged ⪖ 80 years were enrolled in this study. On admission, demographic data, CC, and laboratory parameters were obtained. Patients with Nutritional Risk Screening 2002 (NRS-2002) total score ⪖ 3 were considered as having nutritional risk.@*RESULTS@#CC values were significantly lower in patients with nutritional risk compared to those in patients without nutritional risk [27.00 (24.50-31.00) vs. 31.00 (29.00-33.50], P < 0.001]. CC was negatively correlated with age and nutritional risk scores. Logistic regression analysis of nutritional risk revealed that body mass index, albumin level, hemoglobin level, cerebral infarction, neoplasms, and CC (OR, 0.897; 95% confidence interval, 0.856-0.941; P < 0.001) were independent impact factors of nutritional risk. Nutritional risk scores increased with a decrease in CC. In men, the best CC cutoff value for predicting nutritional risk according to the NRS-2002 was 29.75 cm. In women, the cutoff value was 28.25 cm.@*CONCLUSION@#CC is a simple, noninvasive, and valid anthropometric measure to predict nutritional risk for hospitalized patients aged ⪖ 80 years.

Selection strategy of neoadjuvant therapy for pancreatic cancer / 中华消化外科杂志

Pancreatic cancer is a common malignancy with the worst prognosis.Radical surgery has been the only curative treatment for pancreatic cancer.With the advancement of surgical techniques and the implementation of the concept of comprehensive treatment for cancer in recent years,neoadjuvant therapy for pancreatic cancer has received more attention.There are continuing controversies in the hotspots and difficulties,with opportunities and challenges coexisting.Four famous experts and their teams in pancreatic surgery discussed selection strategy of neoadjuvant therapy for pancreatic cancer based on clinical experiences.Professor Wang Chunyou proposed that surgery was prior for patients with a higher likelihood of achieving R0 resection for pancreatic cancer to avoid the possibility of tumor progression and loss the opportanity of radical resection during neoadjuvant therapy.For patients with less chance of radical resection for pancreatic cancer and unresectable pancreatic cancer,neoadjuvant therapy is worthy of a positive attempt.Professor Jin Gang and his team believed that neoadjuvant therapy played an important role in improving the survival time of patients with pancreatic head cancer,especially with borderline resectable pancreatic head cancer.After neoadjuvant therapy,pancreatic surgeons should pay attention to improvement of surgery safety and R0 resection rate.Professor Dai Menghua and his team suggested that patients with resectable pancreatic cancer and borderline resectable pancreatic cancer could benefit from neoadjuvant therapy,which required proof from clinical trials.Surgeons should choose the appropriate treatment strategy based on guidelines and individual conditions for patients with pancreatic cancer.Professor Shao Cheghao and his team suggested that surgical treatment after neoadjuvant therapy or translational therapy for locally advanced pancreatic head cancer is safe,effective and feasible,especially for pancreaticoduodenectomy with combined revascularization.For the treatment of patients with pancreatic head cancer after neoadjuvant chemotherapy,the choice of next treatment options,evaluation indicators,timing of surgery and surgical methods need to be further studied.

Influence of the orthokeratology on the ocular surface and tear film in adolescents / 国际眼科杂志(Guoji Yanke Zazhi)

@#AIM: To observe the influence of the overnight orthokeratology(OK)on the ocular surface and tear film, and to assess the discomfort caused by OK wearing in adolescent myopic patients.<p>METHODS: This is a prospective study included 69 myopic adolescents(138 eyes)aged 12-18 years old. 31 subjects were fitted with spectacles and 38 underwent OK treatment for 12mo. All subjects were measured with the ocular surface disease index(OSDI), the corneal and conjunctival fluorescein staining(the Oxford Scheme), tear film breakup time(TBUT), noninvasive tear break-up time(NIBUT)and the Schirmer I test before wearing and at 1, 3, 6, and 12mo after wearing.<p>RESULTS: Compared with the spectacle group and baseline, the OSDI scores were significantly higher at all recording time, the Oxford scores were significantly higher at 6 and 12mo, and TBUT and NIBUT were significantly lower at all recording time in the OK group(all <i>P</i><0.05). Conversely, no statistically differences were observed in the Schirmer I test comparing the two groups(<i>P</i>>0.05)while no statistically differences were observed in the Schirmer I test comparing the two groups(<i>P</i>>0.05).<p>CONCLUSION: OK wearing may increase the OSDI and the Oxford scores mildly, and decrease the stability of tear film. Special attention must be paid to the OK wearers with baseline and follow-up ocular surface, tear film condition, and discomfort symptoms.

Optimal pressure in penile rehabilitation with a vacuum erection device: Evidence based on a rat model / 亚洲男科学杂志(英文版)

Vacuum erection device (VED), used to treat radical prostatectomy (RP)-associated erectile dysfunction, has attracted considerable attention. However, the optimal negative pressure remains to be determined. This investigation explored the optimal pressure for VED therapy in penile rehabilitation. Thirty-six 9-week-old male rats were randomly divided into six groups: control groups (sham group, bilateral cavernous nerve crush [BCNC] group) and VED therapy groups (-200 mmHg group, -300 mmHg group, -400 mmHg group, -500 mmHg group). BCNC group and VED therapy groups underwent BCNC surgery. Intracavernosal pressure (ICP)/mean arterial pressure (MAP) ratio was calculated to assess erectile function. Masson's trichrome (MT) staining, terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay, immunohistochemistry, and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were performed to explore cellular and molecular changes of the penis. Compared to the BCNC group, ICP/MAP ratios in all VED treatment groups were improved significantly (all P 0.05), but there were no statistically significant differences among VED therapy groups. With increased pressure, complications gradually emerged and increased in frequency. Expression of molecular indicators, such as endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and alpha-smooth muscle actin (a-SMA), increased after VED therapy, and hypoxia-inducible factor 1a (HIF-1a) and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-B) decreased. In addition, VED therapy improved the outcomes of MT and TUNEL assay. This investigation demonstrated a pressure of -200 mmHg in a rat model is optimal for VED therapy for penile rehabilitation after RP. No further benefits were observed with increased pressure, despite an increase in complications.

HIV care continuum among newly diagnosed student and non-student youths between 2012 and 2016 in Hangzhou, China / 中华医学杂志(英文版)

Background@#Youths are disproportionally affected by the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection. We aimed to assess antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation and viral suppression rates among student and non-student youths in Hangzhou, China.@*Methods@#Data were taken from the Chinese HIV/acquired immune deficiency syndrome Comprehensive Response Information Management System. Youths aged 15 to 24 years who were newly diagnosed with HIV between 2012 and 2016 and were living in Hangzhou were included in the study. Comparisons between student and non-student youths were made for ART initiation within 30 days, 90 days, and 12 months of HIV diagnosis, and the viral suppression rate at 12 months of HIV diagnosis and at 12 months of ART initiation.@*Results@#A total of 707 cases met inclusion criteria, 29.6% of which were students and 70.4% were non-student youths. The student group had a higher proportion of ART initiation compared with the non-student group within 30 days of diagnosis (45.5% vs. 37.0%, P = 0.044), and a slightly higher but not statistically significant proportion at 90 days (67.0% vs. 62.7%), and 12 months (83.7% vs. 78.5%) of HIV diagnosis. ART initiation within 30 days improved from <15% in 2012 to over 65% in 2016 in both groups, and ART initiation within 90 days improved from <30% in 2012 to >90% in 2016. A smaller proportion of students experienced viral suppression compared with the non-student group (9.6% vs. 17.1%, P = 0.011) at 12 months after HIV diagnosis, but the suppression rate was similar at 12 months of ART initiation (69.9% vs. 71.1%, P = 0.743).@*Conclusions@#ART initiation in both student and non-student youths has significantly improved between 2012 and 2016. However, the viral suppression rate remained unacceptably low at 12 months of HIV diagnosis in both student and non-student groups. Specific intervention strategies must be taken to address this challenge.

Prevalence of HIV, syphilis and HCV and their risk factors among drug users in Hangzhou / 预防医学

Objective To learn the prevalence of HIV, syphilis and HCV and to identify the potential risk factors among drug users in Hangzhou. Methods A consecutive cross-sectional survey was conducted from 2012 to 2016. The drug users from compulsory rehabilitation center, community and methadone clinic were interviewed face to face with questionnaires to collect the information about their demographic characteristics, drug use behaviors and sexual behaviors. Blood specimens were collected for HIV, syphilis and HCV testing. Results Totally 4067 drug users were included during this 5-year study. The infection rates of HIV, syphilis and HCV were 0.64％, 7.25％ and 22.69％, respectively. Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that the risk factors for syphilis infection were female (OR=4.411, 95％ CI: 3.273-5.945) , single (married/cohabited:OR=0.664, 95％ CI: 0.482-0.915; divorced/widowed: OR=0.534, 95％ CI: 0.353-0.810) , club drug user (OR=5.064, 95％CI: 3.287-7.803) and mixed drug user (OR=2.663, 95％CI: 1.191-5.954); the risk factors for HCV infection were age (OR: 2.168-2.878), place of domicile (OR=1.747, 95％CI: 1.398-2.184), injecting drug use (OR=3.120, 95％CI: 2.534-3.840) and conventional drug use (club drug user: OR=0.348, 95％CI: 0.277-0.438; mixed drug user: OR=0.611, 95％CI: 0.390-0.959) . Conclusion The infection rate of syphilis and HIV is high among drug users in Hangzhou. Female, single, club drug use and mixed drug use may increase the risk of syphilis infection. high age, drug injection and migrant population are risk factors for HCV infection.

Epidemiological characteristics of students with HIV/AIDS in Hangzhou / 预防医学

Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of young students with HIV/AIDS in Hangzhou and to provide scientific basis for AIDS prevention and control in school settings. Methods Data on HIV/AIDS patients was collected from HIV Comprehensive Prevention and Control Information System, and retrospective survey was conducted to those who were students and whose current residential address was Hangzhou. Results A total of 132 HIV/AIDS student cases were surveyed. The average age was (21.42±2.65) years, and 98.48％ were male. The proportion of homosexual transmission was 83.33％. Before positive confirmation, 55.45％ had homosexual partners both from students and non-students, 90.91％ had temporary sexual behavior, five cases had heterosexually fixed partners and two cases had heterosexually temporary partners.The proportions of condom use in all types of sexual partners ranged from 0.00％-50.00％. Seventy-two (54.55％) HIV/AIDS student cases thought they were impossible to be infected by HIV. Only 23.48％ of cases did HIV antibody test before positive confirmation. The proportion of HARRT was 80.30％. The proportion of co-infected with syphilis was 18.03％. Conclusion Homosexual behavior is the main route of transmission for HIV infection among young students in Hangzhou. Dangerous behaviors are prevalent, and the situation of AIDS prevention and control among students is severe.

Analysis of mutations of two Gitelman syndrome family SLC12A3 genes and proposed treatments using Chinese medicine / 中国结合医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To determine the gene location of two Gitelman syndrome (GS) family SLC12A3 genes and explore treatments using Chinese medicine (CM) prescriptions.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>In order to locate the two GS mutations, samples were collected from 11 people from two different pedigrees for direct genetic sequencing and comparison of the 26 exons of SLC12A3. Furthermore, the change of serum potassium was monitored throughout the therapy and those two probands undertook a sequential superposition of Western medicine (including potassium, Panangin and potassium-sparing diuretics) with CM prescription based on Buyang Huanwu Decoction () and Sijunzi Decoction (). The treatment included three stages, oral potassium chloride for the first 2 weeks (stage 1), potassium-sparing diuretic and Panangin with potassium chloride for the next 2 weeks (stage 2), CM along with the medicine in stage 2 for the final 2 weeks (stage 3).</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The three mutations occurring in proband 1 from pedigree I were Thr60Met, 965-1_976del13ins12 (small indels mutation) and Ala122Ala (homozygous silent mutation). Likewise, three mutations, Asn359Lys, Thr382Met and Arg913Gln, appeared in the proband 2 from pedigree II. The serum potassium levels increasing from baseline to sequential stages were 1.63 mmol/L (baseline), 2.5 mmol/L (stage 1), 3.1 mmol/L (stage 2) and 3.9 mmol/L (stage 3) in the proband 1, and 2.8 mmol/L (baseline), 3.1 mmol/L (stage 1), 3.5 mmol/L (stage 2) and 4.3 mmol/L (stage 3) in the proband 2, respectively. The symptoms (numbness of limbs, weakness, palpitations, etc.) of both probands were all alleviated.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The mutations of both GS pedigrees can be defined as compound heterozygous mutations, most of which are known as missense mutations. Applying CM could be an appropriate choice for future intervention of GS.</p>

Treatment of Pipkin type I and II femoral head fractures through modified Smith-Peterson approach and modified Hardinge approach-a case-control studies / 中国骨伤

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To compare clinical results of treatment of Pipkin type I and II femoral head fractures through modified Smith-Peterson(S-P) approach and modified Hardinge approach.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From July 2005 to July 2014, 42 patients with Pipkin type I and II femoral head fractures were treated with operation. A total of 23 patients in anterior group was treated with modified S-P approach including 17 males and 6 females with an average age of (29.3±9.4) years old, 5 cases of type I by excision of the fragement, 3 cases of type I and 15 cases of type II cases by fixation of the fragement. While a total of 19 patients in the lateral group was treated with modified Hardinge approach including 15 males and 4 females with an average age of (31.4±10.0) years old, 3 cases of type I by excision of the fragement, 4 cases of type I and 12 cases of type II by fixation of the fragement. Operative time, blood loss during operation and fracture healing time were observed and compared. The clinical and radiographic outcomes of the patients were measured using Thompson-Epstein scoring scale. The effect of hip reduction time of less than 6 h, 6 to12 h, and more than 12 h, the effect of surgery time within 24 h and more than 24 h after injury were compared.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>All patients were followed up from 24 to 60 months with an average of(30.29±6.95) months. The operation time (61.96±12.22) min, blood loss (46.09±18.03) ml, and (74.74±10.06) min, blood loss (72.11±19.88) ml in lateral group in the anterior group were better than those of lateral group(<0.05). In anterior group, fracture healing time was(12.22±1.70) weeks, the results were excellent in 8 cases, good in 10 cases, fair in 4 cases and poor in 1 case, the excellent and good rate was 78.3%, the incidence of avascular necrosis of femoral head was 8.69%(2/23), and the incidence of heterotopic ossification was 13.04%(3/23). While in lateral group, the fracture healing time was(12.42±1.95) weeks, the results were excellent in 6 cases, good in 7 cases, fair in 3 cases and poor in 3 cases, the excellent and good rate was 68.4%, the incidence of avascular necrosis of femoral head was 10.53%(2/19), and the incidence of heterotopic ossification was 5.26%(1/19). There was no significant difference in fracture healing time, postoperative effect and postoperative complications between the anterior group and lateral group(<0.05). The effect of patients with reduction time of hip dislocation less than 12 h was significantly better than that of more than 12 h, there was no significant difference in the effect between reduction time within 6 h and 6 to 12 h. There was no significant difference in the outcome between surgical patients within 24 h and more than 24 h after injury.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Dislocated hip of Pipkin type I and II femoral head fractures should be closed reduction within 6 h. If conditions are limited, the reduction time can be accepted within 12 h. Both of modified S-P approach and modified Hardinge approach are effective in treating Pipkin type I and II femoral head fractures, and can obtain excellent outcomes. Moreover, modified S-P approach has advantage of less trauma, less blood loss, shorter operative time.</p>

A study on the association of baseline CD4+T and early antiretroviral therapy effect among MSM HIV/AIDS patients / 预防医学

Objective To analyze the association between baseline level of CD4+T and the therapeutic effects of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) for MSM HIV/AIDS in Hangzhou City. Methods We recruited MSM HIV/AIDS who initiated HAART from July 1st 2014 to June 30th 2016 into the study in Hangzhou City. MSM HAART patients whose baseline CD4+T≥500 copies/μL was set as observation group, and baseline CD4+T<500 copies/μL was set as control group. Patients were tested CD4 count and viral load regularly. We compared HAART effects of observation group and control group. Results We recruited 1206 MSM patients with access to HAART in our study in Hangzhou City. And 1026 patients were set in control group, and 180 patients were set in observation group. In the 12th month, the rates of two groups' patients with CD4 successfully recovered (reached 719 cells/μL) were 12.50% and 39.13%. In the 18th month, the rates were 13.75% and 38.71%. The median time of patients with CD4 first successfully recovered to 719 cells/μL was 7.2 month s in observation group, while the median time of control group was 20.4 months, which was longer than observation group (P<0.05) . A total of 375 patients were tested viral load, and the successful suppression rate of viral load was 97.33%. The rates of observation and control group were 96.34% and 97.50% (P>0.05) . Conclusion The rates of viral successful suppression were similar between baseline CD4 counts ≥500 cells/μL group and<500 cells/μL group among MSM HAART patients. Recovery time in baseline CD4 counts ≥500 cells/μL group was shorter than baseline CD4 counts<500 cells/μL group.

Marginal bone loss around tissue level implants in the posterior part of the mandible / 华西口腔医学杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To clarify the related factors of marginal bone loss (MBL) around tissue level implants in the posterior part of the mandible.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>A total of 116 tissue level implants were implanted in the mandibular posterior region of 76 patients. Patients' information, including general characteristics, implant characteristics, implant site characteristics, and prosthesis characteristics, was recorded. Their cone beam computed tomography data were measured immediately after implant placement, 3 months later, and 3 and 12 months after prosthesis loading. The measurement of MBL was conducted by One Volume Viewer software. SPSS 20.0 was used for statistic analysis.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Smoking, cortical bone thickness (CBT), collum angle (CA), and implant local sanitation showed significant differences with body mass loss (P<0.05). No significant differences were found among sex, age, length of implant, diameter of implants, implant systems, bone height, prosthesis type, and MBL (P>0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>The risk factors that caused MBL were smoking, thicker CBT, larger CA, and poor implant local sanitation. Among them, poor implant local sanitation had the highest correlation with MBL.</p>

Masticatory efficiency and oral health-related quality of life with implant-retained mandibular overdentures

To evaluate masticatory efficiency [ME] and oral health-related quality of life [OHRQoL] in patients rehabilitated with implant-retained mandibular overdentures. In this randomized controlled clinical trial, 50 edentulous patients visiting the Implant Center and Department of Prosthodontics, West China College of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China between June 2010 and June 2012 were selected and received 2 implant-retained mandibular overdenture treatments. All patients were rehabilitated with maxillary complete dentures. The ME and OHRQoL were determined both one month before the mandibular complete denture was anchored to the osseointegrated implants, and 6 months after anchoring. Paired t-tests were used to compare means of ME, and oral health impact profile-49 [OHIP-49] domains scores between pre- and post-implant. Linear regression models were utilized to seek correlations between ME and OHIP domains scores. The ME increased from pre- to post-implant retained mandibular overdentures significantly [p<0.001]. The total OHIP score and 4 subscales scores were changed significantly from pre- to post-implant; namely, functional limitation, psychological discomfort, physical disability, and physical pain. The total OHIP score, functional limitation, physical disability, and physical pain subscale scores were related to ME. Implant-retained mandibular over dentures can significantly improve patients' ME and OHRQoL. The improvement in OHRQoL is mainly because of the improved ME. An improved chewing experience, and pain relief also contributes to improvement of OHRQoL

Long-circulating liposomal daptomycin enhances protection against systemic methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus infection with improved therapeutic potential / 药学学报

In the face of escalating problems with pathogen control, the development of proper formulations of existing antibiotics is as important as the development of novel antibiotics. Daptomycin is a lipopeptide antibiotic with potent activity against Gram-positive bacteria. Currently, only injectable solution of daptomycin has been approved for clinical use. In the present study, the formulation of PEGylated liposomal daptomycin (PLD) was prepared and optimized, and its efficacy against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA252) strains was investigated. The obtained PLD had a mean vesicle diameter of (111.5 +/- 15.4) nm and a mean percent drug loading of (5.81 +/- 0.19) % with high storage stability. Potent activity of PLD against MRSA was demonstrated in vitro with a more sustained effect than that of conventional liposomal daptomycin and daptomycin solution. In addition, intravenous administration of a single dose (equal to human use) of PLD significantly increased the survival of mice in a MRSA252 systemic infection model compared with other formulations. Drug distribution in the lung was significantly enhanced following administration of PLD, and no measurable tissue lesions or pathological changes were detected during PLD treatment. Taken together, PEGylated liposomes loaded with daptomycin may represent a promising approach to reduce MRSA252 infections, especially those involving bloodstream dissemination, such as hematogenous pulmonary infection.

Co-delivery of paclitaxel and cyclosporine by a novel liposome-silica hybrid nano-carrier for anti-tumor therapy via oral route / 药学学报

In this study, we developed a novel liposome-silica hybrid nano-carrier for tumor combination therapy via oral route, using paclitaxel and cyclosporine as a model drug pair. Optimization of the preparation of the drug-loading formulation and characterization of its physicochemical parameters and drug release profile were performed in vitro. Then in vivo pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics studies were performed. The results showed that the obtained formulation has a small particle size (mean diameter of 100.2 +/- 15.2 nm), a homogeneous distribution [the polydispersity index was (0.251 +/- 0.018)] and high encapsulation efficiency (90.15 +/- 2.47) % and (80.64 +/- 3.52) % for paclitaxel and cyclosporine respectively with a mild and easy preparation process. A sequential drug release trend of cyclosporine prior to palictaxel was observed. The liposome-silica hybrid nano-carrier showed good biocompatibility in vivo and co-delivery of cyclosporine and paclitaxel significantly enhanced the oral absorption of paclitaxel with improved anti-tumor efficacy, suggesting a promising approach for multi-drug therapy against tumor and other serious diseases via oral route.

Cytotoxicity of a new type silicone rubber for maxillofacial prosthesis: an in vitro evaluation / 生物医学工程学杂志

This study evaluated the cytotoxicity of a new type silicone rubber for maxillofacial prosthesis, which was developed by the present authors. According to the GB/T16886. 5- 2003, the samples were prepared and tested with cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, the relative growth rate (RGR) was calculated, and morphology of L929 cells were observed by scanning electron microscope and phase contrast microscope. The results showed that RGR of L929 cells were 91.65% (24 h), 87.03% (48 h), 87.30% (72 h), respectively, and the level of cytotoxicity was grade 1. The L929 cells showed typical fusiform shape and their morphology did not changed significantly after 24 h, 48 h and 72 h. These data indicated that the newly-developed silicone rubber material, as a maxillofacial prosthesis material, should be a safe biomaterial.